FIAT - Eco Drive

As you know I like to drive small, that's what I like about the Imp.  "Economy" and "fun" are the name of the game.  Since I can't drive an Imp everyday, I had to have something similarly fun to drive.  Probably the most stylish and economical small modern car is the retro FIAT 500.  I'm on my second one after the first one died in a horrible crash over a year ago.

I'm one of those guys who always said "automatics are for wimps".  I haven't owned an automatic gearbox car or truck newer than model year 1983.  However, city traffic is frankly no fun with a clutch.  This was a big factor in why I chose the automatic AISIN 6-speed overdrive gearbox with auto-stick.

This presented me with an interesting opportunity, since my second FIAT is a 6-speed auto-stick, while the first one was a 5-speed manual.  The commonality is me.  Would one car be more economical to drive than the other?  The question here is that would I treat the cars the same despite the gearbox change?  Would the 5-speed manual make a more aggressive driver out of me, and would the 6-speed automatic make me lazy and drive like grandma?

I wouldn't have believed it, but the automatic is actually more fun to drive aggressively.  The sequential shift pattern shifts instantaneously when placed in manual override and even provides a little lunge to make you feel like you've accelerated  (Remember its only 101hp).  While pulling out aggressively, the torque converted won't lay-a-patch like the manual clutch would, it still gives a good visceral ride.  I'll just preface this study with the statement that I do drive economically around town and on the highway.  My commute is a fair amount of stop-and-go traffic where the manual transmission was less than pleasant in the city.  I stick to the speed limits and watch for wildlife on my daily back road trek to the office and home.  The Pop version of the FIAT 500 is base model and the least sporty of the FIAT lineup in the USA.  That all being said, I'm usually the first off the line at a multi-lane traffic light even though everyone passes me after the first few car lengths.  I don't think my driving style has changed significantly with manual vs automatic.  I get home at the same time everyday and I get to work at the same time.  I even use the manual override on the automatic about 50% of the time.

FIAT provides a data collection tool called Eco Drive. This tool collects data from your car though a USB flash drive.  The driver can then occasionally upload the data to the server where it is trended, and also compared with the rest of the FIAT driving community.  As a driver striving for economical operation, you can see where you need to improve your skills in the way of shifting, acceleration, deceleration, and general speed.  A trend of your driving habits is created and compared against the whole community average with a dimensionless value called the "Eco Index".

Here is a graph of the Eco Index of the 5-speed manual gearbox 2012 FIAT 500 Pop before its death.

TRANSMISSION: C514 FIVE-SPEED MANUAL
Description: 1st, 2nd gear: Double Cone 3rd, 4th, 5th, gear: Single Cone
Gear Ratios
1st 3.909
2nd 2.174
3rd 1.345
4th 0.974
5th 0.766
Reverse 3.818
Final-drive Ratio: 3.44
Overall Top Gear: 2.63

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Here is a graph of the Eco Index  for the Automatic gearbox 2015 FIAT 500 Pop from purchase to present day.

TRANSMISSION: AISIN AUTOMATIC SIX-SPEED OVERDRIVE WITH AUTO STICK
Description: Auto Stick driver-interactive manual control and electronically modulated torque converter clutch
Gear Ratios:
1st 4.044
2nd 2.371
3rd 1.556
4th 1.159
5th 0.852
6th 0.672
Reverse 3.193
Final Drive Ratio: 4.103
Overall Top Gear: 2.76

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Remember, this is the same model car, same fuel, same engine, same driver.  Only the gearbox is different, and the driving experience is different.  Why is the automatic consistently and significantly above average in the community?  I can't say that I drive any less aggressively, and I can't say that I have any less fun with the automatic.  The higher gear in the automatic, plus the fact that it shifts at the RIGHT time if left in the automatic mode seems to make all the difference.

Oh, and notice that when that fuel has gotten less expensive as of late, that the community has gotten less efficient, but I have increased ever so slightly!

"Project Bantam" - Arts and Crafts

I've finally amassed all the parts required for the Briggs&Stratton 14FB engine overhaul.  The main bearings look good, and the piston ring gaps are within spec using new standard size rings.  One of the exhaust valve keepers was rattling around in the tappet chamber when I opened the tappet cover last month.  The exhaust valve seat was rather rusted and required significant lapping to get down to good metal.  A quick grind on the valve stems put it back within gap specification.

exhaust = 0.015"

intake = 0.008"

The gudgeon pin is still tight and the piston looks good as well.  It can be put back in with the new standard size rings.

I went with a two-tone paint job on the block.  The fins were rather rusted, so I wanted to make sure they got painted and stayed painted.  So they got a 1200'F rated exhaust paint in silver.  The crankcase got a 500'F rated engine paint in black.  The exhaust elbow was rusted fast, but the threaded adapter to the exhaust pipe still had good threads, so that's staying.  I just need to obtain a new mating nut and olive for the exhaust.  It looks like an electrical fitting.

I had my son help with the arts and crafts.  Making measurements and cutting gaskets is a tedious task, but still enjoyable.  I started with some relatively thick gasket material for the tappet cover, point cover, and oil pan.  The bearing housings require some adjustment based on axial float of the crankshaft.  I made them out of thin material as templates.  I can go back and duplicate these easily when I get the crank set in, if the float needs increased to meet spec in the manual.

On closer inspection there are marks on the inside of the timing gears.  It looks like someone has had this engine apart before, since the cam gear has a awl scratch on it pointing to the correct place between the timing teeth.  The manual says to set the timing based on the outside of the gears, which is presently obstructed by the main bearing.  Timing will have to be set by the inside viewing through the bottom of the crankcase.

"Project Bantam" - brass ring gear reproduction

Bob Weaver in Shelby, Ohio had a batch of reproduction brass ring gears made.  During Bob's own restoration he needed one as well, and I was fortunate enough to obtain the second-to-the-last one he had made.  The Weaver family were very pleasant folks and I enjoyed doing business with them.  The gear looks like good quality American workmanship.  That kind of workmanship is worth it, and it didn't come cheap.